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What Is Cancer?
Cancer is really a group of numerous associated illness that all relate to cells. Cells are the extremely little units that make up all living things, consisting of the human body. There are billions of cells in everyone's body.
Cancer takes place when cells that are not normal grow and spread extremely quickly. Normal body cells grow and divide and understand to stop growing. Gradually, they likewise die. Unlike these typical cells, cancer cells simply continue to grow and divide out of control and do not die when they're supposed to.
Cancer cells normally group or clump together to form tumors (say: TOO-mers). A growing tumor becomes a swelling of cancer cells that can destroy the normal cells around the growth and damage the body's healthy tissues. This can make somebody extremely sick.
In some cases cancer cells break away from the original growth and travel to other areas of the body, where they keep growing and can go on to form new tumors. This is how cancer spreads. The spread of a tumor to a new location in the body is called metastasis (say: meh-TASS-tuh-sis).
Causes of Cancer
You most likely understand a kid who had chickenpox-- maybe even you. But you probably do not understand any kids who've had cancer. If you packed a large football arena with kids, most likely only one child because arena would have cancer.
Medical professionals aren't sure why some people get cancer and others don't. They do understand that cancer is not infectious. You can't capture it from somebody else who has it-- cancer isn't caused by bacteria, like colds or the influenza are. So don't be afraid of other kids-- or anyone else-- with cancer. You can speak to, play with, and hug someone with cancer.
Kids can't get cancer from anything they do either. Some kids think that a bump on the head causes brain cancer or that bad people get cancer. This isn't real! Kids don't do anything wrong to get cancer. But some unhealthy routines, particularly cigarette smoking or drinking too much alcohol every day, can make you a lot more likely to get cancer when you become a grownup.
Discovering Out About Cancer
It can take a while for a medical professional to figure out a kid has cancer. That's since the signs cancer can trigger-- weight-loss, fevers, swollen glands, or feeling overly exhausted or ill for a while-- normally are not triggered by cancer. When a kid has these issues, it's often caused by something less major, like an infection. With medical testing, the physician can find out what's triggering the problem.
If the doctor believes cancer, she or he can do tests to determine if that's the issue. A medical professional may order X-rays and blood tests and recommend the person visit an oncologist (say: on-KAH-luh-jist). An oncologist is a physician who looks after and deals with cancer clients. The oncologist will likely run other tests to find out if someone really has cancer. If so, tests can determine what type of cancer it is and if it has actually infected other parts of the body. Based upon the results, the medical professional will decide the very best method to treat it.
One test that an oncologist (or a cosmetic surgeon) might carry out is a biopsy (say: BY-op-see). During a biopsy, a piece of tissue is eliminated from a growth or a location in the body where cancer is suspected, like the bone marrow. Don't worry-- someone getting this test will get special medicine Helpful site to keep him or her comfortable during the biopsy. The sample that's gathered will be taken a look at under a microscope for cancer cells.
The faster cancer is found and treatment starts, the much better somebody's opportunities are for a complete recovery and cure.
Treating Cancer Carefully
Cancer is treated with surgical treatment, chemotherapy, or radiation-- or in some cases a combination of these treatments. The choice of treatment depends on:
Surgery is the earliest type of treatment for cancer-- 3 out of every 5 individuals with cancer will have an operation to eliminate it. During surgical treatment, the medical professional tries to take out as numerous cancer cells as possible. Some healthy cells or tissue might likewise be gotten rid of to make certain that all the cancer is gone.
Chemotherapy (say: kee-mo-THER-uh-pee) is making use of anti-cancer medications (drugs) to deal with cancer. These medications are sometimes taken as a tablet, but generally are offered through an unique intravenous (say: in-truh-VEE-nus) line, likewise called an IV. An IV is a tiny plastic catheter (straw-like tube) that is put into a vein through someone's skin, generally on the arm. The catheter is connected to a bag that holds the medication. The medication flows from the bag into a vein, which puts the medicine into the blood, where it can travel throughout the body and attack cancer cells.